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Sự khác nhau giữa THERE & HAVE với nghĩa "có"

I. THERE (Có...)

There is, are, was, were, ...: used to show that something exists or happens -> dùng để chỉ một điều/việc/cái gì đó tồn tại hoặc xảy ra.

           There's a restaurant around the corner.

           There are two people waiting outside.

            Has there been an accident?

            I don't want there to be any misunderstanding.

            There seemed to be no doubt about it.

            There comes a point where you give up.

            There remains the problem of finance.

             Suddenly there was a loud bang.

             There's only four days left. (informal)

             There once was a poor farmer who had four sons. (literary)

 Note:   

1. 'Agreement with 'there' in subject position: when you begin a sentence with there is/are, make the verb agree with the noun that follows the verb.

          There is a glass of milk on the table.

          There are six bottles of wine on the shelf.

Even when there is more than one noun following the verb, make the verb agree with the first noun only.

       There were some napkins on the table and a vase of flowers.

       There was a vase of flowers and some napkins on the table.

       There is some change in my wallet and some money in my pocket.

       There is a box of books and three suitcases full of letters in the basement.

       There is water and some bread.

       There is one countable and one uncountable noun in this sentence.

       There is some water and five bananas.

       There is one apple and five bananas.

       There are five bananas and one apple.

2. * According to the strictest rules of standard English, or rather, the old fashioned 'traditional English Grammar' you can also use 'are' following 'there' in a sentence:

         There are a pen, a book, and some paper on the table.

   * Some grammar books consider the above rules to be standard. For example, Collins Cobuild English Grammar states "You use a singular form of 'be' when you are giving a list of items and the first noun in the list in singular or uncountable."

   * However, other grammar books state that the above rules are only for informal English. In formal English, you should use the plural verb if there is a series of nouns, even if the first noun is singular.

Consider Azar's Understanding and Using English Grammar, which states: "Sometimes in informal English, a singular verb is used after there when the first of two subjects connected by "and" is singular. For example: 

      Formal: There are a book and a pen on the desk.

      Informal: There is a book and a pen on the desk."

 

II. HAVE (có...):

1. (also have got) to own, hold or possess something -> chỉ sự sở hữu

        He had a new car and a boat.

        Have you got a job yet?

        I don't have that much money on me.

       She's got a BA in English.

 

2. (also have got) be made up of (consist of...) -> gồm có

       In 2008 the party had 10 000 members.

 

3. (also have got) to show a quality or feature -> chỉ phẩm chất hoặc đặc điểm

       The ham had a smoky flavour.

       The house has gas-fired central heating.

       They have a lot of courage.

       have something + adj. He's got a front tooth missing.

 

4. (also have got) have something to do something -> to show a particular quality by your actions -> chỉ năng lực/phẩm chất đặc trưng của một người qua các hành động của người đó.

        Surely she didn't have the nerve to say that to him?

 

5. (also have got) have somebody/something -> used to show a particular relationship -> chỉ mối quan hệ cá nhân, riêng tư...

         He's got three children.

         Do you have a client named Peters?

 

6. have something: to be able to make use of something because it is available -> sẵn có để dùng, có sẵn, có thể dùng được ...

        Have you got time to call him?

        We have no choice in the matter.